Species of the genus Myrmoteras are among the most bizarre ant forms and unique among Formicinae by having mandibles that form into a specialized trap-jaw mechanism that can open more than 280 degrees. – a character that, however, has convergently evolved in other subfamilies (Odontomachus and Anochetus in Ponerinae; Dacetini in Myrmicinae). The small Myrmoteras ants with cryptic living habits in leaf litter make them difficult to collect.

The genus Myrmoteras was established by Forel in 1893 from a series of workers taken in the Thaungyin Valley, Burmah. This ant, to which he gave the name binghami (genus genotype), was for a number of years the only known representative of the genus.

The genus Myrmoteras, which comprises circa 41 species, is endemic to the Asian tropics.

Ooceraea Biroi previously known as Cerapachys Biroi, from the Greek keras [κέρας], meaning horn and pachys [παχυς] meaning thick, the "thick-horn" ant.

Referring to the thick antennae of ants in this genus, possibly an adaptation against being severed when attacked by other ants. Biroi comes from Lajos Biró, the Hungarian naturalist who collected the type specimens.

Their common name is the clonal raider ants.